The coprolites also contained traces of mollusc shell, arthropod cuticle, and lizard bone that may have been ingested along with the plant material. What To Get Your Dino-Obsessed Loved One for Christmas; Wave 1 has arrived in US! Kosmoceratops had 10 horns and spikes on its bony frill, plus 2 horns above each eye, horns projecting from its cheeks, and a horn on its nose. Triceratops, large quadrupedal plant-eating dinosaur that had a frill of bone at the back of its skull and three prominent horns. This national monument was established in 1996 in part for the preservation and study of its fossils, and the surveys there have yielded a wide array of unique dinosaur fossils. The naris (bony nostril opening) was different from other ceratopsids in being tall, relatively narrow from front to back, and distinctly ellipse-shaped (rather than near-circular), with a pronounced hindward inclination. Kosmoceratops is also considered closely related to Spiclypeus, which had a similar frill. Quick and Interesting Facts About Kosmoceratops, 10 Famous Horned Dinosaurs That Weren't Triceratops, Horned, Frilled Dinosaur Profiles and Pictures. … The limbs and part of the tail may have been lost to scavengers or rot prior to the carcass being deposited. Right in front and in the middle of the orbits, the skull roof had a pronounced hump, which was present in few other ceratopsids, such as Diabloceratops. They suggested that the curving of these epiossifications occurred stepwise on the lineage leading to Kosmoceratops, those in the middle curling first, followed by those at the sides. [25] In a 2016 popular book, paleontologist Gregory S. Paul suggested that Kosmoceratops and Vagaceratops were not distinct enough from Chasmosaurus to warrant their own genus and that their species should be placed in it (or alternatively that the two should be united under Kosmoceratops), while also synonymizing several other chasmosaurine genera with Chasmosaurus. Kosmoceratops is a genus of herbivorous chasmosaurine ceratopsian dinosaur, which lived during the Late Cretaceous period (late Campanian, 74-65 mya) in the part of the island continent Laramidia that is now Utah, United States. Quick facts about Kosmoceratops: Existed from Campanian Age to 70.6 million years ago; Lived in a terrestrial habitat; Was a herbivore; Reproduced by laying eggs Based in part on the relationship between Kosmoceratops and other chasmosaurines from around the same time, it has been proposed that Laramidia was divided into dinosaur "provinces" with separate endemic zones (this interpretation suggests that Kosmoceratops in the south was most closely related to the geographically separated Vagaceratops in the north), but this has been contested. [34], In 2015, biologist Pasquale Raia and colleagues examined the evolutionary increase in the complexity and size of animal ornaments (such as crests, horns, and tusks) over time, using ammonites, deer, and ceratopsians as examples. Anchiceratops was a kind of plant-eating dinosaur.It had a long frill on the back of its head and three horns on its face. They suggested a sequence of events in the evolution of chasmosaurines that they found consistent with the phylogenetic, stratigraphic, and biogeographic evidence. [22][1], With his 2014 assignment of skull CMN 8801 to Kosmoceratops sp. The nasal horncore was quadrangular in overall shape and was placed relatively far back on the snout. Ridgwell pointed out that the dental anatomies of ceratopsians and hadrosaurs (with dental batteries comprising continuously replaced teeth) were adapted to process large quantities of fibrous plants. Ceratopsians, for example, had elaborate nasal horn, brow horn, jugal boss, frill midline, and frill edge features, as well as differences in body size and proportions, while the absence or presence of a single horn would have been enough to differentiate between sympatric species. He therefore proposed that it was a species of Kosmoceratops other than K. richardsoni and assigned it to K. sp. [37] While not supporting endemism, Fowler and Fowler suggested in 2020 that there would have been a subtle gradational provincialism of chasmoraurines from North to South, with the lineage including Chasmosaurus being more abundant in the North, Kosmoceratops being its southernmost member, while the lineage including Pentaceratops was more abundant in the South. Other vertebrates include crocodiles (such as Deinosuchus and Brachychampsa), turtles (such as Adocus and Basilemys), pterosaurs, lizards, snakes, amphibians, mammals, and fishes. Discover surprising insights and little-known facts about politics, literature, science, and the marvels of the natural world. The horns above the eyes are long, thin, and pointed. [35], Kosmoceratops is known from the Kaiparowits Formation of Utah, which dates to the late Campanian age of the Late Cretaceous epoch, and occurs in a stratigraphic range spanning the upper part of its lower unit to the upper part of its middle unit, in sediments dating to 76.4–75.5 million years ago. [2], Though late Campanian dinosaurs on Laramidia were larger than most large modern animals (which require large species ranges due to heightened dietary needs), Sampson and colleagues found that they appeared to have had relatively small species ranges, which is more perplexing due to the high species-diversity of Laramidian dinosaurs. Thirteen Triceratops were created by InGen in their compound on Isla Sorna where they were taken care of by the workers there.. Triceratops were highly sociable. Kosmoceratops was perhaps 15 feet (5 meters) long and weighed about 5,500 pounds (2,500 kilograms) when alive. Kosmoceratops had an estimated length of 4.5 m (15 ft) and a weight of 1.2 t (1.3 short tons). Instead, only the lower part of the Kaiparowits Formation overlapped with the Dinosaur Park Formation, but this part does not contain Kosmoceratops and Utahceratops, whereas fragmentary remains suggest that some taxa were shared between the formations at this range. With fifteen well-developed horns and horn-like structures, it possessed the most ornate skull of any known dinosaur species. [2][6], The parietosquamosal neck frill (formed by the parietal and squamosal bones) of Kosmoceratops was very derived (or "advanced"), sharing several features with Vagaceratops only. They project laterally from the skull and curve downward. A response to Padian and Horner", "The 'species recognition hypothesis' does not explain the presence and evolution of exaggerated structures in non-avialan dinosaurs", "Patterns of divergence in the morphology of ceratopsian dinosaurs: sympatry is not a driver of ornament evolution", "Revised geochronology, correlation, and dinosaur stratigraphic ranges of the Santonian-Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) formations of the Western Interior of North America", "Mountain building triggered Late Cretaceous North American megaherbivore dinosaur radiation", "Late Cretaceous dinosaur biogeography and endemism in the Western Interior basin, North America: A critical re-evaluation", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kosmoceratops&oldid=970856035, Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 2 August 2020, at 20:23. There are a total of 15 horns on the skull, the most of any known ceratopsian. Diet: Plants. It has been postulated that there was a latitudinal array of dinosaur "provinces" or biomes on Laramidia during the Campanian and Maastrichtian ages of the Late Cretaceous, the boundary lying around modern northern Utah and Colorado; the same major clades are known from the north and south but are distinct from each other at the genus and species levels. A szem feletti szarvak hosszúak, vékonyak és hegyesek. The narial strut of the premaxilla (that extended from the bottom of the nasal cavity to the top) was also inclined hindward, a feature also seen in Anchiceratops and Arrhinoceratops, and the narial process that projected backwards and up from the premaxilla was a triangular prong.
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